Disruption and Dysregulation are two key terms in Psychopharmacology/Neuropharmacology; Psychopharmacology meaning the study of the effects of drugs on behavior, thinking, mood, sensation etc (think real-life studies on Cocaine in certain scenarios or common social paradigms) and Neuropharmacology meaning the effects of drugs and like compounds on specific cellular components of the nervous system (such as neurotransmitter receptors and transporters).
DISRUPTION (as in disruption of homeostasis or disruption of endocrine system; e.g endocrine disruptor) means an unpredictable and often unfavorable immediate or chronic change in the ability for a network or organ system to cooperate properly. It indicates that a cell system or specific brain region is 'disrupted' and is consequently working on unusual terms , and often at reduced efficiency.
These changes are often initiated by an outside (exogenous) mediator that is introduced to the body system transdermally, or consumed. Continuous exposure to the offending molecule leads to continuous disruption and thus continuous drastic changes on the affected systems within the body - the result is a weakening of systemic processes and eventually deficits in the affected (disrupted) target area.
A good example is the study of synthetic estrogens and / or excessive phytoestrogen intake on hormone systems in Men & Women. In the case of chronic estrogen exposure - the endocrine system/s become 'disrupted' which means cell signaling is being directly influenced by an outside mediator (estrogen, additive or administered)..
Estrogen (Oestrogen/Estradiol/E2) is not efficiently mustered when introduced in an unexpected fashion - it causes descending neurons and hypothalamic structures to deteriorate and lose proper cell volume - especially in the cases of synthetic estrogen exposure - such as with degraded plastics exposed to heat/sun . Estrogen can depress neuron signaling in certain brain regions (i.e amygdala and hypothalamus) and cause infertility as a result of poor gonadotropic activity in the affected person/animal.
DYSREGULATION - Is when a specific cell system or hormone system becomes imbalanced or unable to properly regulate itself - it is often used in the terms 'emotional disregulation/dysregulation' however, in neuropharmacology and neurology ; dysregulation means specifically the acquired inability for a system to regulate itself or otherwise function efficiently (often due to poor feedback from other systems that project upon the affected system).
Dysregulation concerns the immediate entity (subject in question; human or mammal) as it relates to composure, proper gut function, stress adaptation to thermological changes (excess heat/cold etc) - dysregulation can be brought on by chronic exposure to Cold or Heat ~ thus it does not require an active substrate to initiate it nor the introduction of a synthetic product or compound. Dysregulation thus can occur naturally as a result of many common sociological stressors but is much more common in a purely biological fashion as with poor diet or poor body condition (e.g obesity, truncal mass excess or heart disease).
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF DYSREGULATION/DISREGULATION include ::
- Chronic Stress (familial, physical trauma, exposure to freezing cold temps over time) leading to cortisol excess and subsequent dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems and / or synaptic plasticity - then leading to the corresponding effects of STRESS that are a result of the occurring 'dysregulation'. Note : Dysregulation may occur beforehand at a lesser level by poor diet as stated above, and this may perpetuate the ongoing dysregulation caused by the next bout of chronic stress etc
- Dysregulation after long-term exposure to a heavy metal (such as lead, mercury, Arsenic etc) {see Here} Leading to abrupt neurotransmitter alterations and problems regulating the flow of calcium into human nerve cells...
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